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Rev. chil. neuropsicol. (En línea) ; 4(2): 160-169, dic. 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-561809

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCION: Son diversos los factores que intervienen en el desarrollo de la psicopatía. Se ha observado una predisposición genética que al interactuar con la vivencia de eventos traumáticos en edades tempranas, potencia el desarrollo de este trastorno conductual, fuente de actos agresivos y violentos en contra de la sociedad. OBJETIVO: Conocer la incidencia de eventos traumáticos (p.ej. eventos estresantes, abuso físico, abuso emocional y abuso sexual) y su influencia en el nivel de psicopatía de adultos convictos masculinos. PARTICIPANTES Y MATERIAL: Se realizó una revisión del historial criminal y una entrevista semiestructurada para clasificar a los internos de acuerdo a su nivel de psicopatía. Se les aplicó el Inventario de Eventos Traumáticos para conocer la frecuencia y diversidad de eventos sufridos antes de los 18 años. RESULTADOS: Los internos con alta psicopatía presentaron una alta incidencia de eventos traumáticos, específicamente de eventos estresantes, de abuso emocional y de abuso sexual y un total de eventos significativamente mayor que el grupo con psicopatía baja. Los eventos traumáticos y el abuso emocional fueron variables que contribuyeron significativamente al nivel de psicopatía de los internos. CONCLUSIONES: Los eventos traumáticos vividos durante la infancia y la adolescencia favorecen la manifestación de conductas violentas a través de la afectación de los mecanismos neurobiológicos que subyacen a la psicopatía, en donde se puede observar una asociación entre la frecuencia de eventos vividos y el grado de psicopatía presentes en la vida adulta.


INTRODUCTION: The factors that interact to drive the development of psychopathy are diverse. A genetic predisposition has been observed that, when coupled with the experience of traumatic events at a young age, potentiates the development of this behavioral and affective disorder that leads to aggressive and violent acts against society. OBJECTIVES: To understand the incidence of traumatic events (e.g., stressful events, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse) and their influence in the psychopathy of adult male convicts. PARTICIPANTS AND MATERIALS: Background criminal career reviews and semi-structured interviews were conducted to classify the inmates according to their psychopathy level utilizing the Revised Hare Psychopathic Scale. In addition, the Early Trauma Inventory was applied to assess the frequency and diversity of events experienced before the participants were 18 years of age. RESULTS: Inmates with high psychopathy also presented with a high incidence of traumatic events, as well as stressful events, emotional and sexual abuse in a higher frequency than the group with low psychopathy. The incidence of traumatic events and emotional abuse were found to predict the degree of psychopathy among the inmates. CONCLUSIONS: Traumatic events experienced during infancy and adolescence seem to favor the manifestation of violent conduct by interacting with neurobiological factors that underlie psychopathy, such that an association may be observed between the frequency of childhood traumatic events and the level of psychopathy present in adult life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Child Abuse/psychology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Age Factors , Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology , Educational Status , Incidence , Interviews as Topic , Mexico/epidemiology , Prisoners/psychology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Antisocial Personality Disorder/etiology , Violence/psychology
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